Water Treating Equipment
Skim Pile
The skim pile is a type of disposal pile. As shown in Figure 7-18, flow through the multiple series of baffle plates creates zones of no flow that reduce the distance a given oil droplet must rise to be separated from the main flow. Once in this zone, there is plenty of time for coalescence [...]
5Sep2009 | admin | Comments Off | ContinuedDisposal Piles
Disposal piles are large diameter (24- to 48-inch) open-ended pipes attached to the platform and extending below the surface of the water. Their main uses are to (1) concentrate all platform discharges into one location, (2) provide a conduit protected from wave action so that discharges can be placed deep enough to prevent sheens from [...]
5Sep2009 | admin | Comments Off | ContinuedHydrocyclones
Hydrocyclones, sometimes called enhanced gravity separators, use centrifugal force to remove oil droplets from oily water. As shown in Figure 7-16, static hydrocyclones consist of the following four sections: a cylindrical swirl chamber, a concentric reducing section, a fine tapered section, and a cylindrical tail section. Oily water enters the cylindrical swirl chamber through a [...]
5Sep2009 | admin | Comments Off | ContinuedSizing Dispersed Gas Units
It can be shown mathematically that an efficient design must have a high gas induction rate, a small diameter induced gas bubble, and relatively large mixing zone. The design of the nozzle or rotor, and of the internal baffles, is thus critical to the unit’s efficiency.
As measured in actual field tests, these units operate on [...]
Dispersed Gas Units
In dispersed gas units gas bubbles are dispersed in the total stream either by the use of an inductor device or by a vortex set up by mechanical rotors. Figure 7-14 shows a schematic cross section of a unit that employs a hydraulic eductor. Clean water from the effluent is pumped to a recirculation header [...]
5Sep2009 | admin | Comments Off | ContinuedDissolved Gas Units
Dissolved gas designs take a portion of the treated water effluent and saturate the water with natural gas in a contactor. The higher the pressure the more gas can be dissolved in the water. Most units are designed for a 20 to 40 psig contact pressure. Normally, 20% to 50% of the treated water is [...]
5Sep2009 | admin | Comments Off | ContinuedFree-Flow Turbulent Coalescers
The gravity settling devices previously discussed make use of closely spaced internals to reduce the distance an oil droplet must rise to meet a coalescing surface. This is because within a tank or vessel there is verylittle turbulence to promote coalescence. The SP Pack, developed by Paragon Engineering Services and marketed by Modular Production Equipment, [...]
5Sep2009 | admin | Comments Off | Continued